Mediastinal Mass, Posterior

Michael P. D'Alessandro, M.D.
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed

Etiology/Pathophysiology:
Neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma are derived from the sympathetic ganglia.

Pathology:
Not applicable

Imaging Findings:
Well defined, smooth bordered soft tissue mass is seen in the posterior mediastinum. Calcification is often seen. The mass can extend in a dumb-bell like fashion through an enlarged intervertebral foramen and cause cord compression. Frequently pressure erosion of adjacent ribs can be seen.

DDX:

• Neuroblastoma (malignant) [most common]
• Ganglioneuroblastoma (semi malignant)
• Ganglioneuroma (benign)
• Bronchopulmonary foregut duplication (neurenteric or bronchogenic cysts)
• Hemiazygous dilation
• Paravertebral soft tissue masses of infectious origin
• Meningomyelocele
• Extramedullary hematopoiesis

References:
See References Chapter.

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