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Michael P. D'Alessandro, M.D.
Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed
Etiology/Pathophysiology:
A small cranial vault (microcrania) almost always due to a small
brain (micrencephaly). Causes of micrencephaly are genetic /
chromosomal defects (phenylketonuria, aminoaciduria, Down's
Syndrome), intrauterine infection (TORCH), and intrauterine trauma
(radiation).
Pathology:
Not applicable
Imaging Findings:
Have progressive craniofacial disproportion due to lack of brain
growth with continued normal growth of the chondrocranium and face.
The sutures are narrow and fuse prematurely. The mastoids air cells
and paranasal air cells are large. The calvarium is very think and
the normal convolutional markings are reduced.
DDX:
References:
See References Chapter.
Additional pediatric resources: GeneralPediatrics.com | PediatricEducation.org | SearchingPediatrics.com
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